Niccolo Machiavelli

Niccolò Machiavelli (1469–1527) was an Italian politician, diplomat, and writer. From 1498 to 1512, he served as a political official of the Republic of Florence, with responsibilities including foreign and military affairs. His diplomatic missions, including journeys to France, the Roman Curia, and Cesare Borgia, gave him insight into Europe’s political structures. After the Medici returned to power, he lost his offices. His principal works include *Il Principe* (*The Prince*), the *Discorsi*, and a history of Florence. He also wrote comedies, poems, and other political treatises. Machiavelli is regarded as an important thinker in the history of political philosophy.